From Monarchy to Republic

What is a republic, and when, how, and why did Rome turn into one?

A republic is a form of government that is ruled publicly, not privately by rulers. Rome became a republic in 509 BC, and this happened due the murder of the king. King Tullias was murdered by his daughter Tullia and her lover Tarquinias Superbus. They became the rulers of Rome and it maintained a monarchy. Later on, Sextus, a drunk who was prowling the streets, raped Queen Tullia and out of disgust, she killed herself. King Superbus found out and eventually found him and ended his life for good. 

In the Beginning

When, where, and how was Rome founded?

Include 1+ pictures and discuss:

[753 BC, Seven hills/Tiber River/strategic location, Aneas/Trojan settlers, Romulus, monarchy, challenges, Sabines, and fact vs fiction]

On April 21, in 753 BC, Rome was founded. The location of the founding of Rome was on the Italian Peninsula. The way it was founded follows behind the story of the Aneas and Trojans. When Rhea Silvia of Alba Longa gave birth to twin boys, she was thrown in jail and her boys, Romulus and Remus, were sent to be drown in the Tiber River. That didn't happen due to the flooding of the river, so they managed to survive and were found by a "she wolf" who nursed them until a man found them. They grew up and upon that, they were caught stealing. Romulus escaped; however, Remus was captured. King Numitor wanted them killed for their actions, but then he realized something. They were at the age to be his children. He found that they were not his children, but his grandchildren. For this reason, they were left unharmed. Later on, Romulus and Remus seemed to have gone in their own ways, and eventually it came to an end between them. When Romulus was believed to have more luck than Remus, more people went with him. During all this, Romulus had enough with Remus and killed him. Romulus became the king. Moving farther along... a war broke out due to a kidnapping of women. They needed women for further generations, so they threw a party, inviting all the neighboring groups of people. When the time was right, they started running off with the women across their shoulders, and raping them here or there. In the end, they all made up and joined as one. The city of Rome was founded, and continued to grow.

Geography of Rome

Why would Rome have been a good place to found a city?

Rome would have been a good place to found a city because it is naturally barricaded from its neighbors, has good sources of water, and has lots of good land for farming and agricultural purposes. 

Why would the Italian Peninsula have been a good place to start an empire?

The Italian Peninsula would have been a good place to start an empire because of its land, being great for growing crops and having water on 3 sides of it helped in a few ways. In one way, it helped them discover new trade routes, and helped ships sail around. It also allowed them to conquer new territories.  The mountains may not have isolated the Italian Peninsula, but it did protect it. 

Rome Pre-test

-Differentiate Roman Republic from Roman Empire

-Explain past and present impacts of Roman culture

-Analyze factors in collapse of Western Roman Empire

~My personal learning goal is to learn how the Romans lived; wether they had big houses together or small houses to themselves. 

1. When, where and how was Rome founded?
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3. How was the government of the Roman Republic organized?
4. 
   
5. When and how did the Republic turn into an Empire?
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7. How was the government of the Empire organized?

      The government wasn't the best

1. When, where, why, and how did the Romans expand?
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3. What are Rome's greatest architectural and technological developments?
4. Rome had amazing technology. The greatest development of technology is 
5. What was important in Roman culture?
6. In the Roman culture, religion, communication, technology, and government were all important. 
7. Who were important Roman leaders?

1. 
   
2. What caused the collapse of the Roman Empire?
3. The government and issues with money caused effects to the collapse. 
4. How did Rome alter history?
5. Rome altered history by their reputation of wars and how they went into that. Also, the way that they lived their lives altered the way people lived in the past and even how we do today. 
6. How does Rome affect us today?
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8. What lessons can be learned from Roman history?
9. The way we make and use technology, how we live

Primary Source Analysis: History of the Peloponnesian War

          The author of the source was Thucydides. Thucydides was a wealthy Athenian general in the war. He lived through the Peloponnesian war, despite the plague that spread during that time, and eventually wrote a primary source book about the war itself. He was unbiased, and he only believed in rational thinking. Nothing supernatural interested him. It was in the year of 404 BC that the battle ended. During this time, the source was produced. Before the war started up until 10 years after it ended, he wrote his book. The plague that evolved continued to get worse and worse. This happened due to the fact that they were all so compacted together in a small area. They did this because they wanted to stay behind their wall to keep themselves protected from their enemies. It became very devastating to the people, causing numerous amounts of them to loose parts of their bodies in the process. If they weren't strong enough through holding up with the fever that followed, the enormous head ache, and anything else that came with it, then they died. Doctors at the time caught the plague faster than anyone else due to the fact of them trying to heal the sick. This source was created for any future generations coming after the time it was created. Because it was made during the time that it actually happened, it affects the reliability of it in a great deal. The reason the source was created in the first place was to give information for the future people, and give some details about everything that happened. Having been through this experience, and being a survivor through it all is an incredible thing. Letting the world know about it can help them get an idea of how and what the war was like and give further information. The main idea is to help people after his time understand better and know what happened during the war. In conclusion, Thucydides wrote this source to conclude information about events that he went through and what they were like.

"For my own part, I will deliver but the manner of it and lay open only such things as one may take his mark by to discover the same if it come again, having been both sick of it myself and seen others sick of the same."

Greco-Persian Wars

       The Greco-Persian wars started after the Ionians revolted against the Persians in 499 BC. The Ionians got put down, and King Darius tried to do something. King Darius, the Persian king, tried to invade Greece but got defeated at the marathon. After the defeat, King Darius returned to Persia and his son, Xerxes, goes and attempts revenge in 490 BC at Marathon. They get through the Greeks at Thermopylae, and are able to burn Athens down. Because of the numerous amounts of Persians, the Greeks plus 300 Spartans die at Thermopylae. In Salamis, the Athenians used to their advantage the outnumbering of Persians and tricked them by guiding them into a narrow inlet, where their big army couldn't turn around. That's when the Athenians attacked, sinking their ships and then fleeing. The last battle, which happened in Plateau, caused for an end in war. The Greeks became even more abrasive, and defeated the Persians.  

   


                                                        Primary Source Analysis