Bernhard Knipperdolling

          Bernhard Knipperdolling was born in 1495. He became the leader of Anabaptists in the city Münster of Westphalia, Germany. He may have been a very successful clothing merchant; however, he wasn't widely known until the year 1527. After an Anabaptist movement, the bishop and city council lost their influence and pushed Bernhard Knipperdolling to the place as mayor. Through this, he met and became a loyal supporter of Jan van Leyden, who later married Knipperdolling's daughter. Jan van Leyden eventually appointed 12 elders, who took over the government. Knipperdolling lost place as mayor, but carried on his loyalty towards Leyden. While being loyal, he also attempted to establish a sectarian government. He objected to violence, not wanting bloodshed to invite outside groups. Only the opposition would be expelled, and any ungodly people must be re-baptized. Knipperdolling trained his people to defend themselves, but when the time came, they couldn't do it. He was most known for the position he took within leading the rebellion. The rebellion didn't end well, resulting in Knipperdolling and Leyden being publicly tortured on January 22, 1536.

 

 

Krahn, Cornelius. "Knipperdolling, Bernt (ca. 1490-1536)." Global Anabaptist Mennonite Encyclopedia Online. 1957. Web. 21 Jan 2014. http://gameo.org/index.php?title=Knipperdolling,_Bernt_(ca._1490-1536)&oldid=105597.

Historical Significance of the Early Renaissance

(Above) da Vinci was a painter, sculptor, architect, inventor, and mathematician.

 

Medici is a wealthy family that took control of the Florentine Government.

Gutenberg was a german goldsmith that invented the Gutenberg press, along with the Gutenberg bible. 

Brunelleschi: An architect inspired by Rome buildings; designed the church of San Lorenzo.

Alessandro di Mariano di Vanni Filipepi, better known as Sandro Botticelli, was an Italian painter of the Early Renaissance. 

Michelangelo was an Italian sculptor, painter, architect, poet, and engineer. 

(The symbol of Lutheranism shown above) Lutheranism is a religious belief founded by Martin Luther in Europe.

Martin Luther was a German Monk, Catholic priest, professor of theology and a seminal figure of a Christianity movement.

Desiderius Erasmus was a Dutch Renaissance humanist, Catholic priest, social critic, teacher and theologian. He was also a classical scholar who wrote in a style of pure Latin.

The society of Jesus was a Congregation of the Catholic Church for male Christians. The members themselves were known as Jesuits.

 

Huldrych Zwingli was a leader of the Reformation in Switzerland.

(Above shows Anabaptism) Anabaptism is a Christian Theological tradition developed during the reformation in the sixteenth century.

  

Jan Hus (AKA John Hus) was a Czech priest, philosopher, reformer, and master at Charles University in Prague.

William Tyndale was an English scholar who is well known for translating the New Testament in the Bible into English language.

The Münster Rebellion was an attempt by radical Anabaptists to establish a communal sectarian government in the German city of Münster.

Sacrifice by the Aztecs

• Who practiced sacrifice? The Aztec people believed that by showing many different types sacrifice, they could please the Gods. Some of the sacrifices they practiced started from other groups of people, but was taken by the Aztec people to new levels. 
• What sacrifice did they do? The Aztecs sacrificed animals as gifts for the Gods, along with people. During battle, they would capture the warriors, wound them, and take them back to their temple. Here, they would take care of them, giving them beautiful women, great food, and clean them up. In the end, it was to get them ready for sacrifice. Many people were sacrificed during the Aztecs time, an estimate of 20,000 a year. 
• When did they commit sacrifices? The Aztecs would perform sacrifices whenever they believed that the Gods needed  nourishment. Along with that, they would capture warriors and gods from other tribes to sacrifice because that was just part of their religion. 
• Where did sacrifices take place? They committed rituals on special temples created for sacred events, such as sacrifices. Some temples were found in Tenochtitlán, Mexico. 
• Why did they go through killing their resources and people just for sacrifice? Sacrifice of any form was to "fuel the Gods." They wanted the Gods to be happy with them, so that good forms of events and luck would come to stay with their people. 
• How did they practice this? The Aztec people would get a prisoner, or someone they thought was worthy enough to please the gods, and hold them on a table. From there, they would cut them open (sometimes found to be from throat to stomach) and take out their heart. Holding it up to the sun as it was still beating was how they gave it to the Gods.